感觉动词表示人的感觉动作,可以做完整的及物动词或使动动词,如:声(听)、见(看)、看(看)、感觉(感觉)等。让我们告诉你关于高考英语中的感官动词用法.的事情,让我们看看吧!
高考英语中的感官动词用法:
1.see, hear, listen to, watch, notice等词,后接宾语,再接省略to的动词不定式或ing形式。前者表全过程,后者表正在进行。句中有频率词时,以上的词也常跟动词原形。
注释:省略to的动词不定式–to do是动词不定式,省略了to,剩下do,其形式和动词原形是一样的,但说法不同。
see sb do sth 看到某人做了某事
see sb doing sth 看到某人在做某事
hear sb do sth 听到某人做了某事
hear sb doing sth 听到某人在做某事
以此类推…
I heard someone knocking at the door when I fell asleep. (我入睡时有人正敲门,强调当时正在敲门)
I heard someone knock at the door three times. (听到有人敲门的全过程)
I often watch my classmates play volleyball after school. (此处有频率词often)
(了解)若以上词用于被动语态,须将省略的to还原:
see sb do sth—-sb be seen to do sth
hear sb do sth—-sb be seen to do sth
以此类推…
We saw him go into the restaurant. → He was seen to go into the restaurant.
I hear the boy cry every day. → The boy is heard to cry every day.
2.感官动词look, sound, smell, taste, feel可当系动词,后接形容词。
He looks angry.
His explanation sounds reasonable.
The cakes smell nice.
The dishes taste delicious.
The silk feels smooth.
注意:如果加介词like构成词组,则后不可接形容词,而接名词或代词:
sound like 听起来像…
look like 看起来像…
He looks like his mother.
That sounds like a good idea.
It sounds like great fun.
It smells like a flower.
It tastes like salt.
3.如何判断look是实义动词还是感官动词?
当look理解为"看起来"时,是感官动词,后接形容词.
The naughty boys broke the window.The teacher looked angry.
当look理解为"看"或者与其它词构成词组时,是实义动词,需要用副词修饰.
The teacher looked anrily at the naughty boys.
notice用作动词和名词时的语法与搭配:
1. 用作动词,表示“注意到”,注意以下用法:
(1) 通常指无意识的行为,但在祈使句,则指有意识的行为。如:
I didn’t notice what he said. 我没有注意他说了什么。
Notice what he says. 注意他所说的话。
(2) 可用作及物或不及物动词。如:
She was wearing a new dress, but he didn’t even notice (it). 她穿了件新连衣裙,但他根本没有注意到。
(3) 其后可接复合宾语,其中的宾语补足语可以是现在分词或不带to 的不定式。如:
Did you notice her leave [leaving] the house? 她离开屋子你注意到了吗?
She noticed the man look [looking] at her a couple of times. 她注意到那个男人朝她看了好几次。
以上结构用现在分词或不带 to 的不定式的区别为:用现在分词可指动作正在进行(未完成)或动词作的全过程(已完成),而用不带 to 的不定式通常只指动作的全过程(即动词已完成)。
另外,若不定式为完成式,通常应带 to。如:
I noticed her to have come early. 我注意到她来得很早。
2. 用作名词,注意以下用法:
(1) 表示“注意”,是不可数名词。如:
Don’t take any notice of what he says. 别理会他所说的话。
His writings brought him into public notice. 他的著作引起了公众的注意。
(2) 表示“布告”“通知”“启事”等,是可数名词。如:
A notice at the end of the road warns people not to go any further. 路的尽头处的通告警告人们不要再往前走。
若表示预先的通告或警告等,则为不可数名词。如:
He gave me very short notice of his visit. 他在即将来访前才仓促通知我。
Can you be ready at 5 minutes’ notice? 你能在接到通知5分钟内作好准备吗?
(3) 注意以下习语:
①at short notice 在短时间内,接到通知的短时间内
The doctor came at short notice. 医生已接到通知马上就来了。
②until further notice 在另行通知以前:
The office is closed until further notice. 这个办事处将一直关闭到另行通知时为止。
sound like的用法与搭配:
■sound like 的意思
sound like 的意思是“是听起来像”,其中的like为介词,所以其后通常接名词或代词作宾语。如以下各句均摘自英美词典:
Your doctrine certainly sounds like socialism. 你的学说听起来的确很像社会主义。
Malta sounds like a great place for a relaxing holiday. 马耳他似乎是一个轻松度假的好去处。
It was meant to sound like an epoch-making declaration. 有意让它听起来像是一个划时代的宣言。
I told her she didn’t have to do that, which sounds like an ungrateful thing to say. 我对她说她并非一定要做那件事。这样说听上去好像有些忘恩负义。
It sounds like an advert: easy on the ear but bland and forgettable. 这听起来像广告词:听着简单易懂,但是枯燥乏味,容易忘记。
Whilst this might sound like a truism, it is nevertheless a crucial problem to address. 尽管这可能听起来像是老生常谈,但却是待解决的重要问题。
■sound like 的搭配
前面已提到sound like中的like是介词,所以其后接动词时,要用动名词。如:
What he wants is a switch to a market economy in a way which does not reduce people’s standard of living. To many this sounds like wanting to have his cake and eat it. 他想要转型为市场经济,同时又不降低人们的生活水平。在许多人看来,这是想要鱼与熊掌兼得。——摘自《柯林斯Cobuild高阶英汉双解学习词典》
▲有时动名词前还可以带逻辑主语。如:
That sounds like a child crying. 听起来好像是儿童的哭泣声。——摘自《牛津中阶英语词典》
That sounds like Bill coming up the stairs. 听起来好像是比尔在上楼。——摘自《英语用法指南》(第2版)
You don’t sound like a foreigner talking English. 听你讲英语,不像是外国人。——摘自《柯林斯Cobuild高阶英汉双解学习词典》(注:句中的talking English是正确的,不要认为是打错字了!)
feel用作系动词和实义动词的用法归纳:
一、用作连系动词
(1) 表示某人的感觉,以人作主语。如:
I feel really tired. 我觉得实在累了。
Whenever I see you I feel nervous. 我一见到你就紧张。
用于此义时,可用于进行时态。如:
I feel fine. / I’m feeling fine. 我感觉良好。/ 我现在感觉良好。
She feels [is feeling] much better today. 今天她感到好多了。
(2) 表示某物摸起来给人的感觉或表示使人感觉起来有什么特征等,通常要以被摸或被感觉之物作主语。如:
Your hand feels cold. 你的手摸起来很凉。
Nothing feels right in our new house. 我们新房子里,样样都觉得不对劲。
注意该用法虽有被动含义,但不用于被动语态;同时也不用于进行时态,并且其后一般也不接 to be。如:
绸缎摸起来柔软光滑。
误:Silk is felt soft and smooth.
误:Silk is feeling soft and smooth.
误:Silk feels to be soft and smooth.
正:Silk feels soft and smooth.
比较同义句:
大理石摸起来很光滑。
正:Marble feels smooth
正:Marble is smooth to the touch.
二、用作实义动词
(1) 其后可接不定式的复合结构作宾语,其中的不定式不带to。如:
She felt the tears roll down her cheeks. 她感到眼泪流了下来。
I felt something crawl up my arm. 我觉得有什么东西顺着我的胳膊向上爬。
其后也通常接现在分词的复合结构,所以上面两句中的 roll, crawl 也可换成rolling, crawling。
根据需要,有时也可能用过去分词的复合结构。如:
He felt a great weight taken off his mind. 他感到去掉了一件大心事。
但是,若其中的不定式为to be,则必须保留to。如:
He felt the plan to be unwise. 他认为这计划不明智。
比较同义句:
He felt them to be right.
=He felt that they were right. 他认为他们是对的。
They all felt the plan to be unwise.
=They all felt that the plan was unwise. 他们都认为这个计划不明智。
(2) 当接不定式、动名词或从句作宾语时,通常应形式宾语it。如:
He feels it his duty to help others. 他认为帮助别人是他的责任。
I felt it a terrible thing that my mother should have to toil so endlessly. 我感到母亲老得没完没了地干苦活太可怕了。
(3) feel sth与feel for sth意思不同,前者意为“摸某物”,后者意为“摸着找某物”。如:
The doctor was feeling her pulse. 医生正在为她号脉。
He was feeling for the keyhole in the dark. 他摸黑找钥匙孔。
注意,feel for sb 意为“同情某人”。如:
I really felt for him in all these troubles. 我非常同情他这些烦恼。